Seismic Design Load for Multi-Story Steel Frames Composed of Expanded Sections

tight frame approximation for multi-frames and super-frames

در این پایان نامه یک مولد برای چند قاب یا ابر قاب تولید شده تحت عمل نمایش یکانی تصویر برای گروه های شمارش پذیر گسسته بررسی خواهد شد. مثال هایی از این قاب ها چند قاب های گابور، ابرقاب های گابور و قاب هایی برای زیرفضاهای انتقال پایاست. نشان می دهیم که مولد چند قاب تنک نرمال شده (ابرقاب) یکتا وجود دارد به طوری که مینیمم فاصله را از ان دارد. همچنین مسایل مشابه برای قاب های دوگان مطرح شده و برخی ...

Seismic design of multi - story cold - formed steel buildings : the CFS - NEES archetype building

Lightweight cold-formed steel (CFS) framing is an effective building solution for low and mid-rise structures. However, systems level response and component contributions as well as their interactions such as those from lateral-load resisting systems, floor diaphragms, studs to track connections, etc., are not fully understood. Existing building codes for the CFS frame buildings are based solel...

Seismic Behavior of Asymmetric Two-Story X-braced Frames

Concentrically braced frames (CBFs) are one of the efficient lateral load resisting systems in high seismicity regions. One of the common problems with the use of concentrically braced frames is limitation in the architectural application and position of the openings. Two-story X braced frames have more advantages than other configurations of concentrically braced frames, since in many cases th...

EIGENVECTORS OF COVARIANCE MATRIX FOR OPTIMAL DESIGN OF STEEL FRAMES

In this paper, the discrete method of eigenvectors of covariance matrix has been used to weight minimization of steel frame structures. Eigenvectors of Covariance Matrix (ECM) algorithm is a robust and iterative method for solving optimization problems and is inspired by the CMA-ES method. Both of these methods use covariance matrix in the optimization process, but the covariance matrix calcula...

Fe Analysis of Steel Links for Seismic Resistant Timber Frames